Differences in drowning rates between rural and non-rural residents of Ontario, Canada
Authors: Michael Fralick, Zane Gallinger, and Stephen W. Hwang
Overview
Abstract (English)
The objective of our study was to determine if rural residence was associated with an increased risk of drowning in Ontario, Canada. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of all unintentional drowning deaths in Ontario, Canada from 2004-2008. Age-adjusted mortality rates for males and females living in rural and nonrural areas were calculated using direct standardization, with non-rural residents as the reference population. We identified a total of 564 unintentional drowning deaths. The majority (89%) of fatal drowning victims were male, and 75% percent of victims were from non-rural areas. Excluding bathtub drowning deaths, the age-adjusted drowning mortality rate was significantly higher for both males (rate ratio 2.8; 95% CI, 2.3-3.4) and females (rate ratio 2.8; 95% CI, 1.5-5.0) from rural compared with non-rural areas. In Ontario, rural residence was associated with an increased risk of unintentional drowning.
Abstract (French)
Please note that abstracts only appear in the language of the publication and might not have a translation.
Details
Type | Journal article |
---|---|
Author | Michael Fralick, Zane Gallinger, and Stephen W. Hwang |
Publication Year | 2013 |
Title | Differences in drowning rates between rural and non-rural residents of Ontario, Canada |
Volume | 7 |
Journal Name | International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education |
Number | 4 |
Pages | 332-343 |
Publication Language | English |
- Michael Fralick
- Michael Fralick, Zane Gallinger, and Stephen W. Hwang
- Differences in drowning rates between rural and non-rural residents of Ontario, Canada
- International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education
- 7
- 2013
- 4
- 332-343